The cells in the cervix become cancerous in cervical cancer. The most crucial actions you can take to avoid cervical cancer are getting regular gynecological checkups, getting Pap tests, and engaging in safe sexual behavior. The three major forms of therapy for cervical cancer are surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
What Exactly Is Cervical Cancer?
Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is the fourth most common type of cancer in women worldwide, and it can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated early.
What Is the Cause of Cervical Cancer?
The HPV virus, which is spread sexually, is the main factor in cervical cancer. Sexual contact, whether anal, oral, or vaginal, can spread HPV, which has been associated with cancer. The majority of people who have HPV at some point in their lives won't be aware of it while their bodies fight the virus. Yet if your body doesn't fight the infection, the cells in your cervix could turn into cancerous cells.
What Are the Symptoms of Cervical Cancer?
In its early stages, cervical cancer symptoms may not be noticeable. However, as cancer progresses, it can cause the following symptoms:
- Vaginal discharge with a strong odor
- Pain during sexual intercourse
- Pelvic pain or discomfort
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding (between periods, after intercourse, or after menopause)
- Back pain or leg pain
- Weight loss
- Fatigue
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is essential to see a doctor for an evaluation.
How Cervical Cancer Be Treated?
The treatment for cervical cancer depends on the stage of cancer, the patient's age and overall health, and other factors. Treatment options include:
Surgery: Surgery may involve removing the cancerous tissue or the entire uterus, cervix, and surrounding tissues.
Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
The choice of treatment depends on the stage of cancer. In the early stages, surgery or radiation therapy may be sufficient to cure cancer. In more advanced stages, chemotherapy can be used in combination with surgery or radiation therapy.
What Are the Different Stages of Cervical Cancer?
Cervical cancer is divided into four stages based on the size of the tumor and the extent of its spread. The stages of cervical cancer are as follows:
Stage 0: The cancer is only in the surface layer of the cervix.
Stage I: The cancer has spread beyond the surface of the cervix but has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or other organs.
Stage II: The cancer has spread to nearby tissues or organs, such as the vagina or bladder.
Stage III: The cancer has spread to the lower part of the vagina or the walls of the pelvis.
Stage IV: The cancer has spread to other organs, such as the bladder or rectum.
The treatment and prognosis for cervical cancer depend on the stage at diagnosis.
Also Read:- Cervical Cancer Screening – What women should know?
How Useful Is Cervical Cancer Vaccine?
The cervical cancer vaccine can protect against certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), which is the primary cause of cervical cancer. The vaccine is recommended for girls and boys between the ages of 11 and 12 years. The vaccine can also be given to females up to age 26 and males up to age 21 who have not been previously vaccinated. The vaccine is given in three doses over six months.
What Is the Cost of Cervical Cancer Vaccine?
The cervical cancer vaccine cost varies depending on the location and the healthcare provider. However, the vaccine may be available at no cost or at a reduced cost through government-funded programs or insurance coverage.
How to Prevent Cervical Cancer?
Cervical cancer can be prevented by reducing the risk factors associated with it. The following steps can help prevent cervical cancer:
- Get regular Pap tests to detect abnormal cells in the cervix.
- Get vaccinated against HPV.
- Practice safe sex by using condoms.
- Limit your number of sexual partners.
- Do not smoke.
Cervical cancer is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease that can be prevented by taking steps to reduce the risk factors. It is important to be aware of the symptoms of cervical cancer and seek medical attention if you experience any of them.
Agilus Diagnostics, a subsidiary of Fortis Healthcare Limited
