We occasionally contract leptospirosis from animals. It is transmitted primarily by dogs, rats, and farm animals through their urine. Though they might not show any symptoms, they could nonetheless be carriers.
What Is Leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that can be transmitted to humans from animals, particularly rodents and other wildlife. The disease is most commonly acquired through contact with contaminated water or soil. Leptospirosis causes a range of symptoms, from mild flu to a severe disease that can affect multiple organs and be life-threatening.
What Exactly Causes Leptospirosis?
Leptospira interrogans is a bacterium that causes leptospirosis. The bacteria resides in the kidneys of numerous animals and is transported by them. Through their urine, it enters the ground and water.
The germ can enter your body through gaps in your skin, such as scrapes, open wounds, or dry regions, if you come into contact with soil or water where an infected animal has urinated. Additionally, it can enter through your mouth, genitalia, or nose.
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis symptoms often appear within two weeks, though they can occasionally take up to a month or never appear at all.
When the disease does strike, it does so quickly. You'll become feverish. It might increase to 104 F. Other common signs include:
- Headache
- Sore muscles
- Jaundice
- Vomiting
- Skin rash
- Diarrhoea
How to Prevent Leptospirosis?
Fortunately, there are several steps that you can take to prevent leptospirosis.
Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, especially after handling animals or being in contact with potentially contaminated soil or water.
Wear protective clothing: If you are working or playing in an area where leptospirosis is a risk, wear protective clothing such as rubber boots, gloves, and long-sleeved shirts and pants.
Control rodents: Rodents are the primary carriers of the leptospira bacteria that causes leptospirosis. To control rodents, eliminate food sources and seal up any holes or cracks in your home or other buildings to prevent rodents from entering. You can also use traps or rodent repellents to keep rodents away.
Avoid contact with contaminated water: Leptospira bacteria can survive in water for weeks or even months. Avoid swimming or wading in water that may be contaminated with the bacteria, such as stagnant or slow-moving water, and don't drink untreated water from rivers or lakes.
Protect your pets: Leptospirosis can also affect dogs and other pets. Talk to your veterinarian about vaccinating your pets against the disease and keeping them away from potentially contaminated water sources.
Know the symptoms: If you develop symptoms of leptospirosis, seek medical attention right away. Early treatment with antibiotics can be effective in treating the disease.
Be aware of high-risk activities: Certain activities, such as farming, camping, and outdoor recreation, can put you at a higher risk of contracting leptospirosis. Be aware of the risks and take appropriate precautions.
Stay informed: Keep up-to-date on the latest information about leptospirosis and other infectious diseases. Check with local health authorities for any alerts or advisories in your area.
Use a disinfectant: The bacteria are completely destroyed by bleach, Lysol, acidic liquids, and iodine. Apply them on hand for cleanup.
Also Read: Leptospirosis – How fatal can it be?
What Is the Treatment of Leptospirosis?
Antibiotics like penicillin and doxycycline are effective in leptospirosis treatment. In addition, ibuprofen may be suggested by your doctor if you have a fever or muscle soreness.
The disease should run its course in about a week.
For a rapid diagnosis and course of treatment, if you do experience disease symptoms, consult a doctor as soon as possible.
Agilus Diagnostics, a subsidiary of Fortis Healthcare Limited
