Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body. Low levels of ferritin can indicate an iron deficiency, which can lead to anemia and other health problems. In this article, we will explore the causes of low ferritin levels and the treatment options available.
What is Ferritin?
Ferritin is a protein found in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow that stores iron in the body. It releases iron into the bloodstream when needed. Because the body needs iron to make red blood cells and transport oxygen, ferritin is always necessary in tiny amounts for vital metabolic processes. As the body cannot create this mineral on its own, humans must take dietary supplements to meet their needs. A tiny quantity of iron from food is kept as serum ferritin, and most of the iron from food is used in the hemoglobin of red blood cells. The body also uses iron to make several enzymes and certain proteins, including myoglobin.
Causes of Low Ferritin Levels
- Iron Deficiency Anemia: This is the most common cause of low ferritin levels. Iron is required to make hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. Without enough iron, the body cannot make enough hemoglobin, leading to anemia.
- Blood Loss: Blood loss due to injury, surgery, or heavy menstruation can lead to low ferritin levels.
- Inflammatory Diseases: Inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic kidney disease can interfere with the body's ability to absorb iron and lead to low ferritin levels.
- Pregnancy: Pregnant women require more iron than non-pregnant women, and low ferritin levels are common during pregnancy.
- Vegetarian or Vegan Diet: Vegetarians and vegans may not consume enough iron in their diets, leading to low ferritin levels.
Symptoms of Low Ferritin Levels
Low ferritin symptoms include the following:
- Fatigue: Iron is required to make hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. Without enough hemoglobin, the body cannot produce enough energy, leading to fatigue.
- Shortness of Breath: Without enough hemoglobin, the body cannot transport enough oxygen to the cells, leading to shortness of breath.
- Dizziness: Low ferritin levels can cause dizziness and lightheadedness.
- Headaches: Low ferritin levels can cause headaches due to decreased oxygen supply to the brain.
- Pale Skin: Iron deficiency anemia can cause pale skin and fingernails.
Diagnosis of Low Ferritin Levels
Low ferritin levels can be diagnosed with a ferritin blood test. A doctor may also perform additional tests to determine the cause of low ferritin levels.
Also Read: Testing for Ferritin: Why, When, and How?
What is a ferritin test?
The amount of ferritin in the blood can be measured with a ferritin blood test. Finding any variations in the body's iron content via this test is very helpful. The findings of a ferritin test can be used to determine if a person has a low or high ferritin level in their blood. A person's underlying health issue is indicated by an abnormal ferritin level in the body. The doctor will order a ferritin test along with additional tests including total iron-binding capacity, CBC, and anemia if a patient displays any indications of iron deficiency.
Treatment Options for Low Ferritin Levels
- Iron Supplements: Iron supplements are often prescribed to increase iron levels in the body. Iron can be taken orally or intravenously.
- Dietary Changes: Eating a diet rich in iron can help increase ferritin levels. Iron-rich foods include red meat, seafood, beans, and dark, leafy greens.
- Blood Transfusions: In severe cases of anemia, a blood transfusion may be necessary to increase iron levels.
- Treating Underlying Conditions: If low ferritin levels are due to an underlying condition, such as an inflammatory disease, treating the underlying condition may help increase ferritin levels.
Prevention of Low Ferritin Levels
- Eat a Diet Rich in Iron: Consuming a diet rich in iron can help prevent low ferritin levels. Iron-rich foods include red meat, seafood, beans, and dark, leafy greens.
- Take Iron Supplements: Iron supplements may be necessary for individuals who cannot consume enough iron in their diets.
- Manage Inflammatory Conditions: If an inflammatory condition is present, managing the condition may help prevent low ferritin levels.
Low ferritin levels can have a significant impact on an individual's overall health and well-being. It is important to identify the underlying cause of low ferritin levels and take appropriate measures to treat and prevent them. This may involve dietary changes, iron supplements, or treating underlying conditions. If left untreated, low ferritin levels can lead to anemia and other health complications. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have low ferritin levels or are experiencing symptoms of iron deficiency. By taking the necessary steps to address low ferritin levels, individuals can improve their overall health and quality of life.
Agilus Diagnostics, a subsidiary of Fortis Healthcare Limited
