TB Feron

The TBFERON test, or Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA), is a blood test used to detect whether a person has been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. The test measures the immune response to TB proteins by quantifying the release of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) from T-cells in response to antigens derived from M. tuberculosis. Unlike the tuberculin skin test (TST), the IGRA test does not require a follow-up visit and is not influenced by prior Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination.

Why consider this test?

The TBFERON test is useful in diagnosing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is a condition where the bacteria are present in the body but are not causing symptoms or spreading. While latent TB is not contagious, it can become active and develop into full-blown TB if left untreated. The IGRA test can also be used in people who have had the BCG vaccine, as the traditional skin test may yield false-positive results due to prior vaccination.

Who should get this test done?

• People with a high risk of latent TB infection, such as those who have been in close contact with someone with active TB or those who have lived in regions with a high prevalence of TB.
• Individuals who are immunocompromised, including those with HIV, organ transplant recipients, or people on immunosuppressive medications, as they are more likely to develop active TB if they have latent infection.
• Healthcare workers who may be exposed to TB patients, as well as individuals who work or live in environments where TB transmission is more likely.
• People with conditions that increase the risk of developing TB, such as diabetes, substance abuse, or smoking.

More Information

The TBFERON test is a modern and highly accurate diagnostic tool for detecting latent TB infection. It is preferred over the tuberculin skin test in some populations, as it is not affected by BCG vaccination and offers quicker results without requiring a return visit for reading. However, it is important to note that a positive result indicates that a person has been infected with TB bacteria, but it does not distinguish between latent infection and active tuberculosis. Additional tests, such as chest X-rays and sputum analysis, may be needed for a full diagnosis.

Interpretation

If your test results come positive, your doctor may order more tests to confirm the diagnosis.

Both latent and active TB should be treated.  Latent TB can turn active and dangerous. If left untreated Tb can be life threatening. Most cases of TB can be treated if you follow antibiotic regime prescribed by your doctor carefully.