Cortisol

The Cortisol, Serum test measures the level of cortisol, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, stress responses, and immune function. It is known as the “stress hormone” because levels tend to increase during times of physical or emotional stress.

• Abnormal cortisol levels can indicate a variety of adrenal or pituitary disorders. High cortisol levels may be a sign of Cushing’s syndrome, while low levels could point to Addison’s disease or adrenal insufficiency.
• This test is particularly helpful in evaluating adrenal function, stress responses, and diagnosing hormonal imbalances related to pituitary disorders.

• Individuals with symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome (weight gain, especially around the face and abdomen, easy bruising, and high blood pressure) or Addison’s disease (chronic fatigue, weakness, weight loss, and low blood pressure).
• Patients with unexplained symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, or changes in skin pigmentation.
• Those on long-term steroid medications, to monitor for potential side effects on adrenal function.

Cortisol levels fluctuate throughout the day, with higher levels in the morning and lower levels at night. A 24-hour urine test or saliva test might also be used for more comprehensive results.