EBV (NA) IGG, SERUM

The Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen (EBNA) IgG test is used to determine if a person has been previously infected with the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), which causes infectious mononucleosis. The presence of EBNA IgG antibodies typically appears late in the infection and remains for life, signifying past infection and long-term immunity.

It is commonly ordered when a person has symptoms suggestive of infectious mononucleosis, such as fatigue, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. It is also used to differentiate between past and current EBV infections in complex cases, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

A blood sample is drawn and tested using immunoassays like ELISA to detect the presence of EBNA IgG antibodies. The test is non-invasive and results are usually available within a few days.

A positive result for EBNA IgG indicates a past infection with EBV and lifelong immunity. A negative result suggests that the person has never been infected or the infection is very recent and EBNA IgG hasn't yet developed. In such cases, additional EBV tests (such as VCA IgM and IgG) may be needed for a full picture.

If the test confirms past infection, typically no further action is required unless complications are suspected. If recent infection is indicated through other EBV markers, the patient is managed supportively with rest, fluids, and symptom control, as there is no specific antiviral treatment for EBV.