HLA - DQ & DP LOCI TYPING BY HISTOSPOT

The HLA DP DQ locus test is part of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing that evaluates specific genes associated with immune response. It is primarily used in the context of organ and stem cell transplantation to ensure compatibility between donor and recipient. It may also be used to evaluate susceptibility to autoimmune disorders like celiac disease and type 1 diabetes.

This test is mainly recommended for patients awaiting bone marrow or organ transplants, as well as potential donors. It may also be used for patients suspected of having certain autoimmune diseases with known associations to HLA gene variants, particularly DQ alleles.

The test requires a blood sample or buccal swab, from which DNA is extracted and analyzed using PCR-based methods or next-generation sequencing. These techniques identify specific alleles within the DP and DQ regions of the HLA system.

The presence or absence of specific HLA alleles can help determine compatibility for transplantation or indicate predisposition to autoimmune diseases. For example, HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 are associated with celiac disease, while certain DP alleles can affect transplant outcomes or drug hypersensitivity.

If the test is part of transplant evaluation, the results will be matched against potential donors or recipients. For disease screening, a positive result might prompt further testing or clinical monitoring. Genetic counseling may also be advised for interpretation and implications.