Xpert MTB/ RIF Ultra - Pulmonary

The Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra is a highly sensitive molecular test used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and rifampicin (RIF) resistance in pulmonary samples. It uses real-time PCR technology to amplify the DNA of the TB bacteria, allowing rapid diagnosis and identification of drug resistance.

This test is recommended for:

• Patients with symptoms suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis (cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss).
• Individuals with a history of contact with TB-positive individuals.
• Patients previously treated for TB to assess drug resistance.
• Immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV, who are at higher risk for TB.

A sputum sample is collected from the patient and analyzed using the GeneXpert system. The system detects MTB DNA and identifies mutations in the rpoB gene associated with rifampicin resistance within 2 hours.

• MTB detected: Confirms the presence of TB bacteria.
• RIF resistance detected: Indicates rifampicin resistance, suggesting the need for additional drug susceptibility testing.

MTB not detected: TB is unlikely, but clinical correlation and additional tests may be necessary.

The Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra provides rapid and accurate diagnosis, helping initiate appropriate treatment and preventing the spread of drug-resistant TB. It is particularly important in high-burden areas where early detection and treatment can save lives.