Erpgr, IHC (Estrogen Receptor)

The Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor (ER/PR) test by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used primarily in breast cancer diagnostics. It assesses the presence of hormone receptors on cancer cells, determining whether they have receptors for estrogen (ER) and/or progesterone (PR). This test is critical in understanding tumor behavior and planning hormone-based treatments.

The test is essential for patients diagnosed with breast cancer, as it helps predict how the tumor might respond to hormonal therapy. If the tumor cells express ER or PR, hormone therapies that block these receptors can be effective. It is also used to assess prognosis and helps in deciding the overall course of treatment.

A tissue sample, usually obtained through a biopsy or surgery, is processed and stained using immunohistochemistry. Antibodies specific to estrogen and progesterone receptors bind to the cells, and staining patterns are evaluated under a microscope to determine receptor positivity.

Positive ER or PR results indicate that the tumor is likely to respond to hormone therapy such as tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors. A higher percentage of positive cells usually suggests a better prognosis. Negative results imply that hormone therapy may not be beneficial, and alternative treatments are considered.

No specific preparation is required from the patient’s end. The accuracy of the test depends on proper tissue handling and processing in the lab.